Afgezien van een aantal spannende eerste oorlogsdagen in mei 1940 komt Pingjum rustig de bezetting door. In de aprildagen van 1945 verandert die situatie dramatisch. De terugtrekkende Duitse Wehrmacht vecht tegen het oprukkende Canadese leger met Pingjum als strijdtoneel...
Als in het voorjaar van 1945 duidelijk wordt dat de Duitse bezetter aan de verliezende hand is, vluchten veel leden van de Duitse Wehrmacht, landwachters en NSB’ers naar het westen. In Friesland begint op 12 april, vanaf oostelijke zijde een ‚grote trek‘ over de Afsluitdijk. Drie dagen later nestelt zich een groep Duitse scherpschutters in Pingjum. Ze moeten de Afsluitdijk met terugtrekkende Duitse troepen verdedigen tegen de oprukkende Canadese.
Witmarsum wordt op 16 april door de Canadezen bevrijd. In het nabijgelegen Pingjum weigeren de Duitse soldaten te capituleren. Daarop openen de Canadezen het vuur en leggen gedurende een nacht en een dag een tapijt aan mortiersplintergranaten over Pingjum. Het merendeel van de bevolking vlucht naar het naburige Arum dat reeds bevrijd is.
Wanneer de Duitsers een tweede ultimatum voor overgave negeren, volgt nog een aanval waarbij het dorp nagenoeg met de grond gelijkgemaakt wordt. Pas op 17 april rond half tien ‘s avonds arriveren de eerste groepen van de Queens Own Riffles of Canada en daarmee is het totaal gehavende Pingjum bevrijd.
Pingjum
Execution of ten Dutch collaborators near Oldeberkoop
Execution of ten Dutch collaborators near Oldeberkoop
On the afternoon of 12 April, Oldeberkoop was liberated by "D" Squadron of the Royal Canadian Dragoons. Later that day, they established a temporary headquarters in the village. The movements of "D" squadron were coordinated from the headquarters. This was also the place where prisoner of war from the immediate surroundings were gathered.
These prisoners of war were often Germans, but sometimes also Dutch who served voluntarily in the Waffen-SS, the NSKK (a paramilitary section of the Nazi party NSDAP) or the Dutch Landwacht. On this 12th of April, ten of these collaborators were brought into the encampment in Oldeberkoop amid great interest. Hatred of people who fought with or for the Germans was strong among most of the Dutch population. A resident of Oldeberkoop described the moment the men were brought in:
"The crowd booed and whistled, some spat, and some could not keep their hands off them. One of them got such a blow to the head that hit made his head spin."
Not much later, these POWs were taken away again. Presumably with the aim of taking them to a real prison camp in Vledder. But the men would never get there. All ten of them were shot without trial in the Koepelbos just outside Oldeberkoop.
It was long thought that the Canadians were responsible for these unlawful executions. But by 1995, it became clear that Canadian involvement had been minimal. Stories about the involvement of two former resistance fighters were confirmed when one of them confessed to having fired the shots. In addition to himself, a colleague, a Canadian driver and some men who had dug the graves were present at the execution.
The exact reason for the murder of the Dutch collaborators and the exact role of the two Dutchmen and the Canadian have never been fully clarified. There are different accounts of the events leading up to the shooting. On 14 April, the bodies were finally buried in a mass grave on the side of the road. Later they were transferred to the German war cemetery in Ysselsteyn. The names of most of the victims also became known at that time:
Egbert Jan Hommes, Ordnungspolizei Otto Frikken, Ordnungspolizei Gerrit Jan Seevinck, Dutch Landwacht Hendrik Dales, Dutch Landwacht Heike Ham, Dutch Landwacht Douwe Jonkman, Dutch Landwacht Bernard Janssen, Dutch Landwacht Arnold Pieter Post, Dutch Landwacht The identities of two men from the Dutch Landwacht could not yet be ascertained.