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Workum-Witmarsum | Liberation route: section 4

(37.1 km)

In the last two years of the war, the resistance in Friesland became more and more organised. On 12 December 1944, the Dutch Internal Armed Forces (NBS) were founded in Friesland on the orders and under the leadership of Prince Bernhard. In Makkum the resistance was active from the very beginning of the war, and in the small settlement of Kornwerderzand, there were nightly arms drops for the resistance. In the last year of the war, there were approximately 3,000 armed resistance fighters active in Friesland.

The early years of the war were relatively quiet in Friesla…

In the last two years of the war, the resistance in Friesland became more and more organised. On 12 December 1944, the Dutch Internal Armed Forces (NBS) were founded in Friesland on the orders and under the leadership of Prince Bernhard. In Makkum the resistance was active from the very beginning of the war, and in the small settlement of Kornwerderzand, there were nightly arms drops for the resistance. In the last year of the war, there were approximately 3,000 armed resistance fighters active in Friesland.

The early years of the war were relatively quiet in Friesland, with only incidental acts of resistance. This changed after the May Strike of 1943. The cause was the German occupier's call for all Dutch prisoners of war released in 1940 to be put to work in Germany. This triggered the resistance in Friesland to become better organised. Existing groups were merged into the Dutch Internal Armed Forces (NBS), which were founded in Friesland on 12 December 1944 on the orders and under the leadership of Prince Bernhard.

In Makkum, the resistance was active from the very beginning of the war. The brothers Aart and Thymen van den Berg made their fish canning factory entirely available to the Frisian resistance. Using the weapons, alcohol and smoked eel, the staff of the factory became friends with the most important executioners of the Sicherheitsdienst in Leeuwarden. When the Germans were loosened up by the drinks, the information they spilt was passed on to the resistance. They managed to free 60 imprisoned resistance fighters and knew when to expect raids. The fish canning factory grew to be a hotbed of Frisian resistance. The Sicherheitsdienst in the Burmania house in Leeuwarden was bugged, and the resistance was able to warn people named in interrogations. Other forms of resistance were the distribution of illegal magazines to inform the population about troop relocations, collaborators, or to boost morale.

In the summer of 1943, there was a wave of people going into hiding, and the expansive Frisian countryside proved to be very suitable for sheltering people. The resistance also played an important role here. Thugs raided distribution offices and stole huge quantities of food stamps, for example. Towards the end of the war, there was a food shortage and dairy factories, butchers and food producers were targeted. During this period, the first arms droppings like the ones on Kornwerderzand took place. On 13 April 1945, the NBS leadership followed the order to help accelerate the advance of the allied troops. Large parts of Friesland were liberated in Mid-April 1945. 

Liberation Route Europe is a transnational memorial. A route that connects memorial sites and stories from all over Europe. For more information, visit www.liberationroute.com

Sights on this route

64

Starting point:

Waypoint walk 64
Workum
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Museum Warkums Erfskip

Museum Warkums Erfskip huist in het oude waaggebouw en het stadhuis in het centrum van Workum en vertelt de historie van Workum en omstreken.

Reserveer

Museum Warkums Erfskip
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Terpdorp Allingawier

Allingawier is een pittoresk terpdorpje, gelegen tussen de IJsselmeerkust en Hanzestad Bolsward. 

Terpdorp Allingawier Allingawier terpdorp
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Makkum

Makkum is een badplaats aan de IJsselmeerkust in Zuidwest Friesland, even ten zuiden van de Afsluitdijk.

Bezoek Makkum

Makkum wapen van makkum
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Oorlogsmonument Makkum

Op 18 april werd Makkum als een van de laatste dorpen op het Friese vasteland bevrijd. De aanloop naar de bevrijding verliep voor de Makkumers bijzonder gewelddadig.

Meer info

Oorlogsmonument Makkum
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Kazematten Museum

Enkele kilometers uit de Friese kust liggen de beroemde kazematten van Kornwerderzand op de Afsluitdijk.

Kazematten Museum
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13
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Oorlogsplaquette Zurich

Vanuit Leeuwarden spoedde een van de Canadese bataljons zich in westelijke richting om Harlingen te bevrijden. Verder dan Franeker kwamen zij die zondagmiddag 16 april niet.

Meer info

Oorlogsplaquette Zurich
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Zware beschietingen op Pingjum

Na de bevrijding van Sneek op 15 april 1945 trokken Canadese troepen naar de Afsluitdijk. Het Friese verzet raadde de aanval af. Het herinnerde zich de meidagen aan het begin van de oorlog, hevige gevechten volgden voor Wons en Pingjum.

Zware beschietingen op Pingjum

Witmarsum (Wytmarsum)

Witmarsum is een knus dorp ten noordwesten van Elfstedenstad Bolsward

Bezoek Witmarsum

Witmarsum (Wytmarsum)
15

End point:

Waypoint walk 15
Witmarsum
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Directions

64

Starting point:

Waypoint walk 64
Workum
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The story of the Liberation of Western Europe is a book with many chapters, with some starting before the beginning of the war in 1939 and some others often ending years after the end of the conflict in 1945. Through the Liberation route Europe, you learn more about the storylines, key military events, personal stories and biographies from the second world war in Europe. Check out www.liberationroute.com for more routes, fragments and stories.

15

End point:

Waypoint walk 15
Witmarsum
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